My thinking does not begin from a closed ideological identity or from the need to belong to a political current understood as a system of definitive answers. It begins, above all, from a way of observing reality. I situate myself within a materialist perspective because I believe societies cannot be explained only through discourses, individual intentions, abstract values or political promises. To understand them, it is necessary to examine their material conditions: who produces, who owns, who administers, who decides, who assumes risks, who receives benefits and who bears the costs of every economic and social model.
This materialism does not mean reducing all human existence to the economy or ignoring the importance of culture, ethics, education, emotions, beliefs or symbols. It means recognizing that these elements do not exist suspended in a vacuum. They develop within historical structures, institutions, power relations and living conditions that make some ways of thinking possible while making others difficult. Ideas can transform the world, but they need to be embodied in organizations, decisions, resources, laws, knowledge, technologies and collective actions.
Politics as the concrete organization of power
I do not understand politics only as electoral competition, partisan militancy or confrontation among public figures. Politics is, in a deeper sense, the way a society organizes power and decides on what affects common life. It is present in the distribution of public budgets, access to education, ownership of resources, labor relations, the functioning of institutions, the availability of infrastructure and the real possibility of participating in collective decisions.
For this reason, my political analysis is not limited to asking what a government promises or what ideology it claims to represent. I am interested in examining what material interests it expresses, which social groups it strengthens, how it distributes opportunities, what capacities it builds, what inequalities it reproduces and what the concrete consequences of its decisions are.
I conceive democracy as something broader than the periodic holding of elections. A democracy requires institutions capable of limiting power, protecting plurality, guaranteeing opposition, enabling deliberation and preventing a circumstantial majority from annulling the rights of those who think differently. For this reason, I reject forms of authoritarianism that turn the leader, the nation, fear or the construction of an internal enemy into instruments of political obedience.
A critical view of the economy
I do not consider the market a natural, neutral reality independent of politics. Every market operates within rules, institutions, property relations, tax systems, financial structures and public decisions that determine who can participate and under what conditions. The economy is not only a technical matter: it also expresses power relations and different conceptions of society.
I recognize that capitalism has demonstrated an enormous capacity to mobilize resources, develop technology, expand production, stimulate innovation and create new economic activities. However, this productive capacity coexists with deep asymmetries in the distribution of wealth, knowledge, time, security and opportunities. Economic growth by itself does not guarantee collective well-being, nor does it automatically correct the inequalities that the system itself can produce.
Individual merit exists, but it never develops in a vacuum. Every personal trajectory is shaped by family, educational, territorial, economic and institutional conditions. Recognizing these conditions does not mean denying effort, discipline or individual responsibility. It means avoiding the presentation of privilege as an exclusive demonstration of personal superiority and the interpretation of poverty as a simple moral failure of those who suffer it.
Entrepreneurship with awareness of its contradictions
My business activity does not contradict this critical position. On the contrary, it allows me to understand in practice how companies are created, how value is generated, how risk is managed, how financial decisions are made and how labor, capital, innovation and the market interact.
Participating in a capitalist economy does not require accepting all its inequalities as natural. Nor do I believe that social criticism requires placing oneself artificially outside the economic reality being analyzed. Coherence does not consist in denying existing material conditions, but in recognizing them, understanding their contradictions and acting responsibly within them.
I defend a productive, innovative and financially sustainable company, but also one that is aware of its social, labor and environmental impacts. Profitability is necessary for the permanence of an organization, but it should not become the only criterion for judging its value. A company should also be evaluated by the quality of the employment it generates, the problems it solves, the knowledge it produces, the relationships it builds and the costs it transfers —or avoids transferring— to society.
Education, science and critical thinking
I understand education as one of the main material capacities for social transformation. Educating does not consist only in transmitting information or preparing people to occupy a place in the labor market. It means providing tools to understand reality, argue rigorously, question what appears natural and participate consciously in economic, political and social life.
The university must form technically competent professionals, but also citizens capable of examining the consequences of their decisions. That is why I try to connect administration, engineering, finance, entrepreneurship and artificial intelligence with the concrete problems of organizations, communities and territories.
I value science, evidence and method as superior ways of contrasting claims with reality. This does not mean assuming that all scientific production is completely free of social or institutional interests, but recognizing that its strength comes from the possibility of submitting ideas to verification, criticism, revision and refutation. A statement does not become true because of its popularity, because of the authority of the person who pronounces it or because it aligns with our convictions.
Technology, artificial intelligence and power
Technology is not merely a set of neutral tools. Its design, ownership and use can modify power relations, transform employment, expand capacities or deepen inequalities. Artificial intelligence, for example, can democratize access to knowledge and increase productivity, but it can also concentrate information, automate opaque decisions and strengthen new forms of dependence.
My interest in artificial intelligence begins from this double understanding. I am interested in its capacity to solve problems, analyze information, support decisions and expand the possibilities of people and organizations. At the same time, I consider it necessary to ask who designs these systems, what data they operate with, what interests they represent, what decisions we delegate to them and who is responsible for their consequences.
Innovation acquires meaning when it improves human and collective capacities, not simply when it introduces a commercial or technological novelty.
Freedom, equality and material conditions
Freedom cannot be reduced to the formal absence of prohibitions. A person can be legally free and, at the same time, lack the resources, time, education, health or infrastructure necessary to exercise that freedom. For this reason, I believe real freedom also depends on material conditions that allow abstract possibilities to become effective capacities.
Equality, for its part, does not mean uniformity or denial of individual differences. It means preventing inequalities of origin from becoming inevitable destinies and preventing the concentration of economic power from nullifying political equality. A just society does not eliminate all differences, but it must prevent certain differences from becoming permanent relations of domination.
These ideas acquire special importance in territories where access to water, education, connectivity, transport and economic opportunities still depends on the place of birth or on the ability to pay. My work with rural water systems has allowed me to understand that the great debates on justice, the State and development materialize in apparently everyday issues: a network without pressure, an inefficient pump, a community without technical capacity or a family that cannot access water continuously.
Beyond political labels
The categories of left and right can be useful for understanding certain historical conflicts, but they become insufficient when they turn into rigid identities that replace analysis. I do not believe a political label guarantees, by itself, a democratic, just or rational position. Nor do I believe all social contradictions can be resolved through partisan loyalties.
My thinking dialogues with historical materialism, dialectics and critical theory, but I do not assume them as a catechism. I am interested in them as instruments for examining the relations among economy, power, culture, technology and institutions. A theory retains its value as long as it helps us understand reality; when it becomes an explanation immune to evidence, it ceases to be critical thought and becomes dogma.
For this reason, I prefer to judge ideas by their consistency, foundations and material consequences. I am not interested in defending a position solely because it identifies as progressive, conservative, liberal or socialist. I am interested in knowing what reality it produces, what power relations it strengthens, what freedoms it protects, what inequalities it reduces and what costs it imposes on present and future generations.
Thinking in order to intervene in reality
My political and philosophical materialism is not merely an abstract reflection. It is expressed in the way I teach, research, build companies and practice engineering. It is present when I try to turn an idea into a viable project, when I analyze the efficiency of a pumping system, when I accompany a rural community, when I evaluate a business model or when I study the impact of artificial intelligence on organizations.
In all these fields I begin from the same conviction: problems must be understood from their structural causes, but they also require technically possible, economically sustainable and socially responsible solutions. Criticism that does not build alternatives runs the risk of becoming contemplation; action that does not understand structures may limit itself to correcting symptoms without transforming their causes.
To think materialistically means to face the concrete conditions of existence. To think politically means to ask who decides, who benefits and who assumes the consequences. To think philosophically means to submit our own convictions to reason, evidence and criticism.
My thought is under permanent construction. It does not seek to offer definitive answers, but to sustain a way of relating to the world: understanding before judging, analyzing before simplifying and acting without renouncing ethical responsibility for the consequences of every decision.